VERTEBRAL COLUMN

Cervical vertebrae 7

cervical of Daschund dog

1st-atlas  2nd-axis (with odontoid process)
6th-large transverse process

Thoracolumbar


OSTEOSCLEROSIS- increase bone opacity without alteration of vertebrae size. New bone laid down on existing trabecular bone.
-frequent in vertebral endplates, assc with vertebrae disc degeneration

SPONDYLOSIS-degenerative, osteophyte form along ventral/lateral endplate margin, bridging INTERVERTEBRAL SPACE
- spinal condition resulting from degeneration of the intervertebral discs in the spine causing narrowing of the space occupied by the disc and the presence of bone spurs
-Progressive with age
F-bridging ventral,lateral new bone formation at end plate
-osseous fragment can disconnect from vertebrae

Spondylitis
-occur secondary to foreign body, penetrating wound, paravertebral infection, haematogenous infec,
cs-stiffness, pain, reluctance to rise

Discospondylitis- infection of intervertebral disc occur 2 to infection
cs-spinal pain stiffness pyrexia,
F-widen intervertebral disc space, disc space collapse
-endplate destruction